Iris scanning can seem very futuristic, but at the heart of the system is a simple CCD digital camera. It uses both visible and near-infrared light to take a clear, high-contrast picture of a person’s iris. With near-infrared light, a person’s pupil is very black, making it easy for the computer to isolate the pupil and iris.
When you look into an iris scanner, either the camera focuses automatically or you use a mirror or audible feedback from the system to make sure that you are positioned correctly. Usually, your eye is 3 to 10 inches from the camera. When the camera takes a picture, the computer locates:
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The center of the pupil
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The edge of the pupil
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The edge of the iris
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The eyelids and eyelashes